Abnormal liver function tests are common during
pregnancy. Acute viral hepatitis is responsible for most cases of jaundice in
pregnant women. The global prevalence of viral hepatitis is high and appears to
be increasing over the years. It can also be an important cause of morbidity
and mortality in the mother and newborn. Hepatitis A (HAV) and E (HEV),
transmitted primarily by the fecal-oral route, are responsible for most cases
of acute hepatitis and local epidemic outbreaks during pregnancy. While HAV has
a self-limiting clinical course during pregnancy, HEV has a higher prevalence
and can present with a severe course. At the same time, HEV is associated with
a very high maternal mortality rate (20%) and requires special care. HEV
vaccines are available in some endemic areas, but the World Health Organization
(WHO) has not yet approved their general use. In this section, the
epidemiology, transmission risks, complications, diagnosis, prevention and
management of Non-B and Non-C Hepatitis (Hepatitis A, Hepatitis E, CMV, HSV)
during pregnancy are discussed in the light of current literature.
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