This chapter explores the intricate relationship
between Vitamin D and cancer development, highlighting its biochemical
properties and effects on cancer cells. Vitamin D functions through interaction
with its specific protein receptor, Vitamin D Receptor (VDR), triggering a
series of signal transductions that regulate gene expression and fundamental
cancer processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. These
effects, mediated through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, place Vitamin D’s
influence on cell cycle regulators, growth factors, and apoptotic pathways at
the forefront of cancer research. The chapter delves into the role of Vitamin D
and VDR in cancer biology, presenting them as pivotal in developing new strategies
for cancer prevention and treatment. Studies have shown that Vitamin D and its
analogs, particularly in breast and colon cancer models, exhibit
anticarcinogenic effects. The chapter also examines the role of Vitamin D
deficiency in cancer development, emphasizing its regulatory effects on
cellular processes related to cancer. It discusses the potential of Vitamin D,
especially its active form calcitriol, in current and future cancer treatment
strategies, focusing on its antiproliferative, apoptotic, anti-angiogenic
effects, and modulation of transcription factors. The chapter concludes that
while Vitamin D holds significant promise in cancer therapy, further research
is essential to fully understand its potential in cancer treatment and
prevention.
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