Anomalies affecting the epididymis and the vas deferens are usually
caused by testicular and genital developmental defects, syndromes, and
testicular descent anomalies. Epididymal anomalies are most commonly related to
number (agenesis or duplication), size (hypoplasia or hyperplasia), location
(ectopia), and attachment to the testis. Epididymal ectopic tissue inside the
testicles has only been reported in adults with significant testicular atrophy.
Ectopic epididymal tissue is usually near the rete testis. Epididymal cysts are
reported in children with cryptorchidism, cystic fibrosis, polycystic kidney
disease, von Hippel- Lindau syndrome and also seen with ipsilateral renal
agenesis, atresia of the ejaculatory system, absent ipsilateral hemitrigone,
and ureteric . Cyst size is important in selecting treatment option. Congenital
absence of the vas deferens (CAVD), bilateral (CBAVD) or unilateral (CUAVD),
can be complete or partial, and may be associated with other abnormalities of
the male urogenital system. The subject of epidymamal anomalies and cysts has
been reviewed and compiled in the light of current literature.
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