The historical formation of museums, which provide information about human experiences, has a long history dating back to ancient times, when viewed in the context of collecting valued products. The development of both world and Turkish museology has developed based on various elements in this long process. Two approaches have an important place among these elements that contribute to the development of museology. These are: “Cabinets of Curiosity” and “19th Century World Fairs. The creation of cabinets of curiosity, especially objects with interesting, unusual, rare and strange appearances, by people from different disciplines since the early periods, has contributed significantly to the development of collecting and, as a result, of museums. So much so that the works collected in this context were the source of the museum diversification that would emerge later. As a matter of fact, in modern times, the classification of museums and their formation within a certain discipline were created entirely according to the grouping of works collected within cabinets of curiosity. On the other hand, world fairs opened in the 19th century also focused on industry, agriculture, art, etc. As organizations where works from many different fields are exhibited, they have contributed to not only an intercultural interaction, but also to serious developments in terms of museology and to raise awareness. The development of Turkish Museology has undergone a significant change and developed significantly, on the one hand, with the creation of cabinets of curiosity and, on the other hand, with the influence of the world fairs opened in the 19th century. In this study, the impact of cabinets of curiosity and World Fairs opened in the 19th century on the development of Turkish museology was examined.